From owner-public@setileague.org Thu Dec  1 06:10:55 2005
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To: public@setileague.org
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Subject: SETI public: FW: Latest News from the Astrobiology Magazine
Date: Thu, 01 Dec 2005 09:02:39 -0500
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>From: "Astrobiology Magazine"<astronaut@astrobio.net>
>To: ljk4@msn.com
>Subject: Latest News from the Astrobiology Magazine
>Date: Thu, 1 Dec 2005 02:33:58 -0800
>
>Titan: Passport to the Early Earth?
>http://www.astrobio.net/news/article1790.html
>
>If there is life on Saturn’s moon Titan, it's not producing all that 
>methane in the atmosphere. That is one conclusion in a series of 
>Cassini/Huygens mission reports published online this week by the journal 
>Nature.
>
>Remote Viewing Earth
>http://www.astrobio.net/news/article1789.html
>
>A recent check of the VIRTIS imaging spectrometer during the Venus Express 
>commissioning phase has allowed its first remote-sensing data to be 
>acquired, using Earth and the Moon as a reference.
>
>The Little Spacecraft That Could
>http://www.astrobio.net/news/article1788.html
>
>With a maneuver that scientists compared to landing a jumbo jet in a moving 
>Grand Canyon, Japan's asteroid explorer, Hayabusa, touched down on the 
>surface of the asteroid Itokawa Saturday for the second time in a week and 
>this time it successfully collected a sample of the surface soils, the 
>Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) announced several hours after its 
>bird had flown.
>
>High Lakes 2005
>http://www.astrobio.net/news/article1787.html
>
>For the fourth year in a row, a team of scientists has traveled up into the 
>Andes mountains in Bolivia to study the life forms - mostly microbes - that 
>inhabit some of the highest lakes in the world. These high lakes offer 
>researchers an opportunity to study life in an extreme environment on Earth 
>that is in some ways like conditions on Mars. Astrobiology Magazine will be 
>posting a series of log entries from the expedition leader, Nathalie 
>Cabrol.
>
>Thursday, December 01
>
>------------------------
>For more astrobiology news, visit http://www.astrobio.net
>
>To unsubscribe, send subject UNSUBSCRIBE to astronaut@astrobio.net
>
>
>
>



From owner-public@setileague.org Thu Dec  1 06:43:40 2005
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From: "LARRY KLAES" <ljk4@msn.com>
To: public@setileague.org
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Subject: SETI public: Discovery of a Planetary-Mass Brown Dwarf with a Circumstellar Disk
Date: Thu, 01 Dec 2005 09:36:13 -0500
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Paper: astro-ph/0511807
Date: Tue, 29 Nov 2005 21:32:34 GMT (27kb)

Title: Discovery of a Planetary-Mass Brown Dwarf with a Circumstellar Disk

Authors: K. L. Luhman, Lucia Adame, Paola D'Alessio, Nuria Calvet, Lee
Hartmann, S. T. Megeath, and G. G. Fazio

Comments: 5 pages, accepted to Astrophysical Journal Letters
\\
Using the Hubble Space Telescope, the 4 m Blanco telescope at the Cerro
Tololo Inter-American Observatory, and the Spitzer Space Telescope, we have
performed deep imaging from 0.8 to 8 um of the southern subcluster in the
Chamaeleon I star-forming region. In these data, we have discovered an 
object,
Cha 110913-773444, whose colors and magnitudes are indicative of a very
low-mass brown dwarf with a circumstellar disk. In a near-infrared spectrum 
of
this source obtained with the Gemini Near-Infrared Spectrograph, the 
presence
of strong steam absorption confirms its late-type nature (>=M9.5) while the
shapes of the H- and K-band continua and the strengths of the Na I and K I
lines demonstrate that it is a young, pre-main-sequence object rather than a
field dwarf. A comparison of the bolometric luminosity of Cha 110913-773444 
to
the luminosities predicted by the evolutionary models of Chabrier and 
Baraffe
and Burrows and coworkers indicates a mass of 8+7/-3 M_Jup, placing it fully
within the mass range observed for extrasolar planetary companions (M<=15
M_Jup). The spectral energy distribution of this object exhibits 
mid-infrared
excess emission at >5 um, which we have successfully modeled in terms of an
irradiated viscous accretion disk with M'<=10e-12 M_sun/year. Cha 
110913-773444
is now the least massive brown dwarf observed to have a circumstellar disk, 
and
indeed is one of the least massive free-floating objects found to date. 
These
results demonstrate that the raw materials for planet formation exist around
free-floating planetary-mass bodies.

\\ ( http://arXiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0511807 , 27kb)



From owner-public@setileague.org Thu Dec  1 07:14:07 2005
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Subject: SETI public: Interview with Jon Lomberg on the Voyager Interstellar Record
Date: Thu, 01 Dec 2005 09:59:17 -0500
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Voyager - A message from Earth

Saturday 19 November 2005

Summary

Jon Lomberg is an artist who could be called portrait painter to the cosmos. 
He illustrated most of Carl Sagan's books and articles and his paintings and 
multi-media presentations of astronomy have made him well known around the 
world. He's talking about the message he designed which was sent on Voyager 
II from the people of Earth to whoever might hear it in space.

Program Transcript:

http://www.abc.net.au/rn/science/ss/stories/s1505986.htm



From owner-public@setileague.org Thu Dec  1 13:53:22 2005
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Subject: SETI public: SETI and Intelligent Design 
Date: Thu, 01 Dec 2005 16:41:43 -0500
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SETI and Intelligent Design

http://www.space.com/searchforlife/seti_intelligentdesign_051201.html

Many readers don't know that SETI research has been offered up in support of
Intelligent Design. Let's take a minute to fix this, shall we?



From owner-public@setileague.org Mon Dec  5 06:59:34 2005
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From: "LARRY KLAES" <ljk4@msn.com>
To: bioastro@setileague.org
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Subject: SETI public: Meteor Shower Reveals New NEO Comet
Date: Mon, 05 Dec 2005 09:54:10 -0500
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http://www.seti.org/site/pp.asp?c=ktJ2J9MMIsE&b=1233789

by Peter Jenniskens

SETI Institute scientist and meteor expert Peter Jenniskens reports in a
telegram issued by the International Astronomical Union's Minor Planet 
Center
(http://www.seti.org/site/pp.asp?c=ktJ2J9MMIsE&b=1233789) that an unexpected
burst of meteors on October 5, 2005 has occurred, which betrayed the 
presence of
a thusfar unknown, potentially Earth-threatening, comet.

The burst of meteors radiated from a direction on the border of the
constellations Draco and Camelopardalis, and the new shower is called the
October Camelopardalids. The meteors were caused by dust ejected by an
Intermediate Long-Period comet during its previous return to the Sun, and 
the
detection of the comet's dust trail implies that the comet itself could 
wander
into Earth's path, if so directed by the gravitational pull of the planets. 
The
comet itself has not yet been discovered and is likely to return to Earth's
vicinity only once every 200 - 10,000 years. Chances are very small that 
Earth
will be at the intersection point at the time of the return, hence, there is 
no
immediate concern. The dust, however, is forensic evidence that may provide 
more
insight into the nature of this new comet when the meteor shower is seen 
again
in the future.

2005 OCTOBER 5 OUTBURST OF OCTOBER CAMELOPARDALIDS

Peter Jenniskens, Jarmo Moilanen, Esko Lyytinen, Ilkka Yrjölä, Jeff Brower

http://www.seti.org/atf/cf/{B0D4BC0E-D59B-4CD0-9E79-113953A58644}/WGNreport.pdf

Abstract of the report in WGN: the Journal of the International Meteor
Organization

"Jarmo Moilanen (Finland), detected twelve meteors from a compact geocentric
radiant at R. A. = 164.1 ± 2.0º, Decl. = +78.9 ± 0.5º, on the border of 
Draco
and Camelopardalis, in the evening of October 5, 2005. The differential mass
distribution index was a low s = 1.4 ± 0.2 (+0 to -6 magnitude). The new 
shower
was confirmed by Esko Lyytinen (2 meteors, early period only, located at 
25.00
E; +60.25 N) and Ilkka Yrjölä (4 meteors: 26.4 E, +60.9 N) at nearby 
locations,
and by Sirko Molau in Germany (7 meteors). Esko Lyytinen calculated an 
apparent
speed of Vg = 47.3 ± 0.5 km/s from one two-station meteor, close to the
parabolic limit. We conclude that the event was caused by the 1-revolution 
dust
trail of a yet unidentified potentially Earth-threatening (Halley-type or)
Intermediate Long-Period comet with orbital elements similar to those of the
meteoroids: Epoch = 2005 October 05, a = Inf. (15 - Inf.) AU, q = 
0.993±0.001
AU, w = 170.5±1º, W = 192.59±0.04º , and i = 79.3±0.5º (J2000.0)."



From owner-public@setileague.org Mon Dec  5 08:40:31 2005
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To: public@setileague.org
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Subject: SETI public: Atmospheric Biomarkers and their Evolution over Geological Timescales
Date: Mon, 05 Dec 2005 11:29:38 -0500
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Paper: astro-ph/0512053

Date: Fri, 2 Dec 2005 02:47:13 GMT (391kb)

Title: Atmospheric Biomarkers and their Evolution over Geological Timescales

Authors: L. Kaltenegger, K. Jucks, W.Traub

Comments: for high resolution images see

http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/~lkaltenegger

Journal-ref: CUP, IAUC 200 proceedings, 2005
\\
The search for life on extrasolar planets is based on the assumption that 
one
can screen extrasolar planets for habitability spectroscopically. The first
space born instruments able to detect as well as characterize extrasolar
planets, Darwin and terrestrial planet finder (TPF-I and TPF-C) are 
scheduled
to launch before the end of the next decade. The composition of the 
planetary
surface, atmosphere, and its temperature-pressure profile influence a
detectable spectroscopic signal considerably.

For future space-based missions it will be crucial to know this influence to 
interpret the observed signals and detect signatures of life in remotely 
observed atmospheres.

We give an overview of biomarkers in the visible and IR range, corresponding 
to the TPF-C and TPF-I/DARWIN concepts, respectively. We also give an 
overview of the evolution of biomarkers over time and its implication for 
the search for life on extrasolar Earth-like planets. We show that 
atmospheric features on Earth can provide clues of biological activities for 
at least 2 billion years.

\\ ( http://arXiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0512053 , 391kb)



From owner-public@setileague.org Mon Dec  5 08:55:47 2005
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From: "James Brown" <Jim@Seti.Net>
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Subject: SETI public: How UFO's are spotted.
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Look at my home page right now (www.seti.net) and see the streak just =
above the feed horn?  Is it a UFO?

Click on the refresh button.  Did it move?  Is it a UFO?
Nope just reflection off of the camera lenses.

Argus Station: DM12jb
James Brown
W6KYP
Jim@SETI.Net [put 'SETI' in subject line]
www.seti.net
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</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Look at my home page right now (<A=20
href=3D"http://www.seti.net">www.seti.net</A>) and see the streak just =
above the=20
feed horn?&nbsp; Is it a UFO?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Click on the refresh button.&nbsp; Did =
it=20
move?&nbsp; Is it a UFO?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Nope just reflection off of the camera=20
lenses.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Argus Station: DM12jb<BR>James =
Brown<BR>W6KYP<BR><A=20
href=3D"mailto:Jim@SETI.Net">Jim@SETI.Net</A> [put 'SETI' in subject =
line]<BR><A=20
href=3D"http://www.seti.net">www.seti.net</A></FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>

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From owner-public@setileague.org Mon Dec  5 09:35:55 2005
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To: public@setileague.org
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Subject: SETI public: Spitzer Space Telescope article in December, 2005 issue of National Geographic 
Date: Mon, 05 Dec 2005 12:31:09 -0500
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Spitzer Space Telescope article in December, 2005 issue of National 
Geographic Magazine.

There's a lot hiding in the universe's dark corners. Interstellar dust 
clouds and inky stretches of deep space can appear dull to ordinary 
telescopes. But to a car-size telescope 26 million miles (42 million 
kilometers) from Earth, they are alive with light—infrared light, or heat 
rays. Since its launch in August 2003, says Robert Kennicutt, an astronomer 
at the University of Arizona, NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope "has opened up 
half the universe to us."

In the process, it has exposed cosmic birthplaces. Stars take shape in 
clouds of gas and dust, and planets emerge in disks of debris around new 
stars. Early galaxies are also swathed in dust. Little visible light gets 
out, but these objects still emit heat—and infrared.

http://www7.nationalgeographic.com/ngm/0512/feature5/index.html



From owner-public@setileague.org Mon Dec  5 16:25:45 2005
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From: "James Brown" <Jim@Seti.Net>
To: "SETI League Public" <public@seti1.setileague.org>,
        "SETI League Argus" <argus@setileague.org>
Subject: SETI public: Icom R7000 Controller
Date: Mon, 5 Dec 2005 16:19:16 -0800
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As part of the work to integrate my R7000 into SETI net I had to =
construct the basic control software.  It seems to work well and allows =
me to set the R7000 operating frequency and mode from the computer and =
also reflects the current receiver frequency and mode on the computer.  =
I like it better than any of the other software controllers that I have =
seen.

I would like to have a few people test it out on their systems.  It can =
be downloaded at:
http://www.seti.net/SETINet/SETINet.htm
Look for R7000 Controller software to download this GREEN release.

I have it running on a USB to RS-232 converter which is the greatest =
thing since sliced bread.  They cost about $20, are small, and with them =
you can add as many RS-232 ports to your computer as you need.

Now that the R7000 controller is working and the receiver itself is =
stable (I found a cold solder joint in the 13.6V distribution system) I =
am looking forward to installing one of the downconverters that Iban is =
working with in the receiver IF and then connecting it to my sound =
system.

So please download the R7000 controller and give it a test run on your =
receiver.

Argus Station: DM12jb
James Brown
W6KYP
Jim@SETI.Net [put 'SETI' in subject line]
www.seti.net
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<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>As part of the work to integrate my =
R7000 into SETI=20
net I had to construct the basic control software.&nbsp; It seems to =
work well=20
and allows me to set the R7000 operating frequency and mode from the =
computer=20
and also reflects the current receiver frequency and mode on the =
computer.&nbsp;=20
I like it better than any of the other software controllers that I have=20
seen.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>I would like to have a few people test =
it out on=20
their systems.&nbsp; It can be downloaded at:</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><A=20
href=3D"http://www.seti.net/SETINet/SETINet.htm">http://www.seti.net/SETI=
Net/SETINet.htm</A></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Look for R7000 Controller software to =
download this=20
GREEN release.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>I have it running on a USB to RS-232 =
converter=20
which&nbsp;is the greatest thing since sliced bread.&nbsp; They cost =
about $20,=20
are small, and with them you can&nbsp;add as many RS-232 ports to your =
computer=20
as you need.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Now that the R7000 controller is =
working and the=20
receiver itself is stable (I found a cold solder joint in the 13.6V =
distribution=20
system) I am looking forward to installing one of the downconverters =
that Iban=20
is working with&nbsp;in the receiver IF and then connecting it to my =
sound=20
system.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>So please download the R7000 controller =
and give it=20
a test run on your receiver.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Argus Station: DM12jb<BR>James =
Brown<BR>W6KYP<BR><A=20
href=3D"mailto:Jim@SETI.Net">Jim@SETI.Net</A> [put 'SETI' in subject =
line]<BR><A=20
href=3D"http://www.seti.net">www.seti.net</A></FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>

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From owner-public@setileague.org Tue Dec  6 06:48:50 2005
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From: "LARRY KLAES" <ljk4@msn.com>
To: public@setileague.org
Cc: bioastro@setileague.org
Subject: SETI public: Cosmos Episode 12: Encyclopedia Galactica
Date: Tue, 06 Dec 2005 09:38:54 -0500
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Tuesday, December 6, 2005 at 9:00 PM EST on The Science Channel:

Cosmos

Episode 12

Encyclopedia Galactica

Are there alien intelligences? How could we communicate with them? What 
about UFOs? The answers to these questions take us to Egypt to decode 
ancient hieroglyphics, to the largest radio telescope on Earth and, in the 
Spaceship of the Imagination, to visit other civilizations in space.

Dr. Sagan answers questions such as: "What is the life span of a planetary 
civilization?" and "Will we one day hook up with a network of civilizations 
in the Milky Way galaxy?"

http://science.discovery.com/convergence/cosmos/cosmos.html



From owner-public@setileague.org Tue Dec  6 09:26:38 2005
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To: public@setileague.org
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Subject: SETI public: Three-Body Affairs in the Outer Solar System
Date: Tue, 06 Dec 2005 12:17:33 -0500
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Paper: astro-ph/0512075

Date: Sat, 3 Dec 2005 07:44:54 GMT (148kb)

Title: Three-Body Affairs in the Outer Solar System

Authors: Yoko Funato, Junichiro Makino, Piet Hut, Eiichiro Kokubo, Daisuke
Kinoshita

Comments: Published in 2003 in the proceedings of the 35th Symposium on
Celestial Mechanics. 8 pages

Journal-ref: In Proceedings of the 35th Symposium on Celestial Mechanics, 
eds.
E. Kokubo, H. Arakida, and T. Yamamoto. Tokyo, Japan, 2003
\\
Recent observations (Burnes2002,Veillet2002,Margot2002a) have revealed an
unexpectedly high binary fraction among the Trans-Neptunian Objects (TNOs) 
that
populate the Kuiper Belt. The TNO binaries are strikingly different from
asteroid binaries in four respects (Veillet2002): their frequency is an 
order
of magnitude larger, the mass ratio of their components is closer to unity, 
and
their orbits are wider and highly eccentric. Two explanations have been
proposed for their formation, one assuming large numbers of massive bodies
(Weidenschilling2002), and one assuming large numbers of light bodies
(Goldreich2002). We argue that both assumptions are unwarranted, and we show
how TNO binaries can be produced from a modest number of intermediate-mass
bodies of the type predicted by the gravitational instability theory for the
formation of planetesimals (Goldreich and Ward1973). We start with a TNO 
binary
population similar to the asteroid binary population, but subsequently 
modified
by three-body exchange reactions, a process that is far more efficient in 
the
Kuiper belt, because of the much smaller tidal perturbations by the Sun. Our
mechanism can naturally account for all four characteristics that 
distinguish
TNO binaries from main-belt asteroid binaries.

\\ ( http://arXiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0512075 , 148kb)



From owner-public@setileague.org Tue Dec  6 11:16:34 2005
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From: "LARRY KLAES" <ljk4@msn.com>
To: public@setileague.org
Cc: bioastro@setileague.org
Subject: SETI public: The Fate of the Accelerating Universe
Date: Tue, 06 Dec 2005 14:11:24 -0500
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Paper: astro-ph/0106387
replaced with revised version Sat, 3 Dec 2005 17:23:28 GMT (248kb)

Title: The Fate of the Accelerating Universe

Authors: Je-An Gu, W-Y. P. Hwang

Comments: 16 pages, 5 figures, LaTeX

The presently accelerating universe may keep accelerating forever, 
eventually run into the event horizon problem, and thus be in conflict with 
the superstring idea. In the other way around, the current accelerating 
phase as well as the fate of the universe may be swayed by a negative 
cosmological constant, which dictates a big crunch. Based on the current 
observational data, in this paper we investigate how large the magnitude of 
a negative cosmological constant is allowed to be. In addition, for 
distinguishing the sign of the cosmological constant via observations, we 
point out that a measure of the evolution of the dark energy equation of 
state may be a good discriminator. Hopefully future observations will 
provide much more detailed information about dark energy and thereby 
indicates the sign of the cosmological constant as well as the fate of the 
presently accelerating universe.

\\ ( http://arXiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0106387 , 248kb)



From owner-public@setileague.org Tue Dec  6 11:18:07 2005
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Subject: SETI public: Objective Subclass Determination of Sloan Digital Sky Survey Unknown Spectral Ob
Date: Tue, 06 Dec 2005 14:07:33 -0500
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Paper: astro-ph/0512119
Date: Mon, 5 Dec 2005 18:34:27 GMT (419kb)

Title: Objective Subclass Determination of Sloan Digital Sky Survey Unknown
Spectral Objects

Authors: David Bazell, David J. Miller, Mark SubbaRao

Comments: 19 pages; 5 figures; submitted to Ap. J
\\
We analyze a portion of the SDSS photometric catalog, consisting of
approximately 10,000 objects that have been spectroscopically classified 
into
stars, galaxies, QSOs, late-type stars and unknown objects, in order to
investigate the existence and nature of subclasses of the unknown objects. 
We
use a modified mixture modeling approach that makes use of both labeled and
unlabeled data and performs class discovery on the data set. This technique
discovers putative novel classes by identifying compact clusters that 
largely
contain objects from the unknown class of objects. These clusters are of
possible scientific interest because they represent structured groups of
outliers, relative to the known object classes. We identify two such well
defined subclasses of the unknown object class. One subclass contains 58%
unknown objects, 40% stars, and 2% galaxies, QSOs, and late-type stars. The
other contains 91% unknown objects, 6% late-type stars, and 3% stars, 
galaxies,
and QSOs. We discuss possible interpretations of these subclasses while also
noting some caution must be applied to purely color-based object
classifications. As a side benefit of this limited study we also find two
distinct classes, consisting largely of galaxies, that coincide with the
recently discussed bimodal galaxy color distribution.

\\ ( http://arXiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0512119 , 419kb)



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Subject: SETI public: Message in the Sky
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Paper (*cross-listing*): physics/0510102

replaced with revised version Tue, 6 Dec 2005 06:20:04 GMT (7kb)

Title: Message in the Sky

Authors: S. Hsu and A. Zee

Comments: 3 pages, revtex

Subj-class: Popular Physics

We argue that the cosmic microwave background (CMB) provides a stupendous 
opportunity for the Creator of universe our (assuming one exists) to have 
sent a message to its occupants, using known physics. Our work does not 
support the Intelligent Design movement in any way whatsoever, but asks, and 
attempts to answer, the entirely scientific question of what the medium and 
message might be IF there was actually a message. The medium for the message 
is unique. We elaborate on this observation, noting that it requires only 
careful adjustment of the fundamental Lagrangian, but no direct intervention 
in the subsequent evolution of the universe.

\\ ( http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0510102 , 7kb)



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Subject: SETI public: A bunch of recent relevant papers
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Paper: astro-ph/0512091
Date: Mon, 5 Dec 2005 09:41:44 GMT (49kb)

Title: Birth and fate of hot-Neptune planets

Authors: I. Baraffe, Y. Alibert, G. Chabrier, W. Benz

Comments: 4 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
\\
This paper presents a consistent description of the formation and the
subsequent evolution of gaseous planets, with special attention to
short-period, low-mass hot-Neptune planets characteristic of $\mu$ Ara-like
systems. We show that core accretion including migration and disk evolution 
and
subsequent evolution taking into account irradiation and evaporation provide 
a
viable formation mechanism for this type of strongly irradiated light 
planets.
At an orbital distance $a \simeq$ 0.1 AU, this revised core accretion model
leads to the formation of planets with total masses ranging from $\sim$ 14
$\mearth$ (0.044 $\mjup$) to $\sim$ 400 $\mearth$ (1.25 $\mjup$). The newly
born planets have a dense core of $\sim$ 6 $\mearth$, independent of the 
total
mass, and heavy element enrichments in the envelope, $M_{\rm Z,env}/M_{\rm 
env}
$, varying from 10% to 80% from the largest to the smallest planets. We 
examine
the dependence of the evolution of the born planet on the evaporation rate 
due
to the incident XUV stellar flux. In order to reach a $\mu$ Ara-like mass
($\sim$ 14 $\mearth$) after $\sim $ 1 Gyr, the initial planet mass must 
range
from 166 $\mearth$ ($\sim$ 0.52 $\mjup$) to about 20 $\mearth$, for 
evaporation
rates varying by 2 orders of magnitude, corresponding to 90% to 20% mass 
loss
during evolution. The presence of a core and heavy elements in the envelope
affects appreciably the structure and the evolution of the planet and yields
$\sim 8%-9%$ difference in radius compared to coreless objects of solar
composition for Saturn-mass planets. These combinations of evaporation rates
and internal compositions translate into different detection probabilities, 
and
thus different statistical distributions for hot-Neptunes and hot-Jupiters.

\\ ( http://arXiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0512091 , 49kb)

Paper: astro-ph/0512092
Date: Mon, 5 Dec 2005 09:50:13 GMT (523kb)

Title: Analysis of ground-based differential imager performance

Authors: A. Boccaletti, D. Mouillet, T. Fusco, P. Baudoz C. Cavarroc, J.-L.
Beuzit, C. Moutou and K. Dohlen

Journal-ref: IAUC 200 proceedings, 2005
\\
In the context of extrasolar planet direct detection, we evaluated the
performance of differential imaging with ground-based telescopes. This study
was carried out in the framework of the VLT-Planet Finder project and is
further extended to the case of Extremely Large Telescopes. Our analysis is
providing critical specifications for future instruments mostly in terms of
phase aberrations but also regarding alignments of the instrument optics or
offset pointing on the coronagraph. It is found that Planet Finder projects 
on
8m class telescopes can be successful at detecting Extrasolar Giant Planets
providing phase aberrations, alignments and pointing are accurately 
controlled.
The situation is more pessimistic for the detection of terrestrial planets 
with
Extremely Large Telescopes for which phase aberrations must be lowered at a
very challenging level.

\\ ( http://arXiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0512092 , 523kb)

Paper: astro-ph/0512105
Date: Mon, 5 Dec 2005 13:30:00 GMT (96kb)

Title: Multiplicity-Study of Exoplanet Host Stars

Authors: M. Mugrauer, R. Neuh\"auser, T.Mazeh, E. Guenther

Comments: 3 pages, 1 figure
\\
We carry out a systematic search campaign for wide companions of exoplanet
host stars to study their multiplicity and its influence on the long-term
stability and the orbital parameters of the exoplanets. We have already 
found 6
wide companions, raising the number of confirmed binaries among the 
exoplanet
host stars to 20 systems. We have also searched for wide companions of Gl86,
the first known exoplanet host star with a white dwarf companion. Our 
Sofi/NTT
observations are sensitive to substellar companions with a minimum-mass of 
35
Mjup and clearly rule out further stellar companions with projected 
separations
between 40 and 670AU.

\\ ( http://arXiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0512105 , 96kb)

Paper: astro-ph/0512108
Date: Mon, 5 Dec 2005 14:21:16 GMT (116kb)

Title: The Space Interferometry Mission Astrometric Grid Giant-Star Survey. 
I.
Stellar Parameters and Radial Velocity Variability

Authors: Dmitry Bizyaev (1,2), Verne V. Smith (1,3), Jose Arenas (4), Doug
Geisler (4), Steven R. Majewski (5), Richard J. Patterson (5), Katia Cunha
(1,6), Cecilia Del Pardo (7), Nicholas B. Suntzeff (8), Wolfgang Gieren (4)
((1) NOAO, (2) Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Russia, (3) McDonald
Observatory, UT Austin, (4)Universidad de Concepcion, Chile, (5) Univ. of
Virginia, (6)Observatorio Nacional, Brazil, (7) UTEP (8) CTIO, Chile)

Comments: Astronomical Journal, in press, 22 pages, 11 Postscript figures, 
uses
aastex.cls
\\
We present results from a campaign of multiple epoch echelle spectroscopy of
relatively faint (V = 9.5-13.5 mag) red giants observed as potential
astrometric grid stars for the Space Interferometry Mission (SIM 
PlanetQuest).
Data are analyzed for 775 stars selected from the Grid Giant Star Survey
spanning a wide range of effective temperatures (Teff), gravities and
metallicities. The spectra are used to determine these stellar parameters 
and
to monitor radial velocity (RV) variability at the 100 m/s level. The degree 
of
RV variation measured for 489 stars observed two or more times is explored 
as a
function of the inferred stellar parameters. The percentage of radial 
velocity
unstable stars is found to be very high -- about 2/3 of our sample. It is 
found
that the fraction of RV-stable red giants (at the 100 m/s level) is higher
among stars with Teff \sim 4500 K, corresponding to the 
calibration-independent
range of infrared colors 0.59 < (J-K_s)_0 < 0.73. A higher percentage of
RV-stable stars is found if the additional constraints of surface gravity 
and
metallicity ranges 2.3< log g < 3.2 and -0.5 < [Fe/H] < -0.1, respectively, 
are
applied. Selection of stars based on only photometric values of effective
temperature (4300 K < Teff < 4700 K) is a simple and effective way to 
increase
the fraction of RV-stable stars. The optimal selection of RV-stable stars,
especially in the case when the Washington photometry is unavailable, can 
rely
effectively on 2MASS colors constraint 0.59 < (J-K_s)_0 < 0.73. These 
results
have important ramifications for the use of giant stars as astrometric
references for the SIM PlanetQuest.

\\ ( http://arXiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0512108 , 116kb)

Paper: astro-ph/0512150
Date: Tue, 6 Dec 2005 14:47:01 GMT (758kb)

Title: Dynamic tides in rotating objects: orbital circularisation of extra
solar planets for realistic planet models

Authors: P. B. Ivanov, J. C. B. Papaloizou

Comments: Submitted to MNRAS, resolution of several figures has been reduced
\\
(abbreviated) We consider the problem of the tidal capture or 
circularisation
from large eccentricity of a uniformly rotating object. We extend the
self-adjoint formalism introduced in Papaloizou & Ivanov 2005 (PI) to derive
general expressions for the energy and angular momentum transfered when the
planet or a star passes through periastron in a parabolic or highly 
eccentric
orbit around a central mass, without making a low frequency approximation as
was done in PI. We show how these can be adapted to the low frequency limit 
in
which only inertial modes contribute to the energy and angular momentum
transfer. We calculate the inertial mode eigenspectrum for planet models of 
one
and five Jupiter masses $M_J,$ without a solid core, with different radii
corresponding to different ages.

We consider the multi-passage problem when there is no dissipation finding
that stochastic instability resulting in the stochastic gain of inertial 
mode
energy over many periastron passages occurs under similar conditions to 
those
already found for the $f$ modes.

We apply our calculations to the problem of the tidal circularisation of the
orbits of the extra solar planets in a state of pseudo synchronisation, and
find that inertial mode excitation dominates the tidal interaction for $1 
M_J$
planets that start with semi- major axes less than $10 AU$ and end up on
circular orbits with final period in the 4-6 day range. It is potentially 
able
to account for initial circularisation up to a final 6 day period within a 
few
$Gyr$ But in the case of $5M_J$ oscillation modes excited in the star are 
more
important.

\\ ( http://arXiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0512150 , 766kb)



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Subject: SETI public: Giant black holes wandering the Universe
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Paper: astro-ph/0512073
Date: Fri, 2 Dec 2005 21:46:44 GMT (309kb)

Title: The Effect of Gravitational Recoil on Black Holes Forming in a
Hierarchical Universe

Authors: N. I. Libeskind, S. Cole, C. S. Frenk, J. C. Helly

Comments: 12 pages, 7 figures, Submitted to MNRAS
\\
Galactic bulges are known to harbour central black holes whose mass is
tightly correlated with the stellar mass and velocity dispersion of the 
bulge.
In a hierarchical universe, mergers of subgalactic units are accompanied by 
the
amalgamation of bulges and the likely coalescence of galactocentric black
holes. In these mergers, the beaming of gravitational radiation during the
plunge phase of the black hole collision can impart a linear momentum kick 
or
``gravitational recoil'' to the remnant. If large enough, this kick will 
eject
the remnant from the galaxy and populate intergalactic space with wandering
black holes. Using a semi-analytic model of galaxy formation, we investigate
the effect of black hole ejections on the scatter in the relation between 
black
hole and bulge mass. We find that although not the dominant source of the
measured scatter, they do make a significant contribution and may be used to
set a constraint, v_kick<500 km/s, on the typical kick velocity, in 
agreement
with values found from general relativistic calculations. Even for the more
modest kick velocities implied by these calculations, we find that a
substantial number of central black holes are ejected from the progenitors 
of
present day galaxies, giving rise to a population of wandering intrahalo and
intergalactic black holes whose distribution we investigate in 
high-resolution
N-body simulations of Milk-Way mass halos. We find that intergalactic black
holes make up only ~2-3% of the total galactic black hole mass but, within a
halo, wandering black holes can contribute up to about half of the total 
black
hole mass orbiting the central galaxy. Intrahalo black holes offer a natural
explanation for the compact X-ray sources often seen near the centres of
galaxies and for the hyperluminous non-central X-ray source in M82.

\\ ( http://arXiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0512073 , 309kb)

Paper: astro-ph/0512123
Date: Mon, 5 Dec 2005 20:41:27 GMT (913kb)

Title: The Role of Primordial Kicks on Black Hole Merger Rates

Authors: Miroslav Micic, Tom Abel and Steinn Sigurdsson

Comments: 12 pages, 9 figures, submitted to MNRAS

Journal-ref: proceedings of 22nd Texas Symposium on Relativistic 
Astrophysics,
Stanford University, December 13-17, 2004
\\
Primordial stars are likely to be very massive $\geq30\Msun$, form in
isolation, and will likely leave black holes as remnants in the centers of
their host dark matter halos in the mass range
$10^{6}-10^{10}\Ms$. Such early black holes, at redshifts z$\gtsim10$, could
be the seed black holes for the many supermassive black holes found in 
galaxies
in the local universe. If they exist, their mergers with nearby supermassive
black holes may be a prime signal for long wavelength gravitational wave
detectors. We simulate formation of black holes in the center of high 
redshift
dark matter halos and explore implications of initial natal kick velocities
conjectured by some formation models. The central concentration of early 
black
holes in present day galaxies is reduced if they are born even with moderate
kicks of tens of km/s. The modest kicks allow the black holes to leave their
parent halo, which consequently leads to dynamical friction being less
effective on the lower mass black holes as compared to those still embedded 
in
their parent halos. Therefore, merger rates may be reduced by more than an
order of magnitude. Using analytical and illustrative cosmological N--body
simulations we quantify the role of natal kicks of black holes formed from
massive metal free stars on their merger rates with supermassive black holes 
in
present day galaxies. Our results also apply to black holes ejected by the
gravitational slingshot mechanism.

\\ ( http://arXiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0512123 , 913kb)

Paper: astro-ph/0511397
replaced with revised version Mon, 5 Dec 2005 12:21:20 GMT (464kb)

Title: The ecology of star clusters and intermediate mass black holes in the
Galactic bulge

Authors: Simon Portegies Zwart (UvA), Holger Baumgardt (Bonn), Stephen L. W.
McMillan (Drexel), Junichiro Makino (tokyo), Piet Hut (IAS), Toshi Ebisuzaki
(RIKEN)

Comments: 26 pages, ApJ in press.

Old title: The Galactic center welcomes black hole immigrants

We simulate the inner 100pc of the Milky-Way Galaxy to study the formation 
and evolution of the population of star clusters and intermediate mass black 
holes. For this study we perform extensive direct N-body simulations of the 
star clusters which reside in the bulge, and of the inner few tenth of 
parsecs of the super massive black hole in the Galactic center. In our 
N-body simulations the dynamical friction of the star cluster in the tidal 
field of the bulge are taken into account via (semi)analytic soluations. The 
N-body calculations are used to calibrate a (semi)analytic model of the 
formation and evolution of the bulge. We find that about 10% of the clusters 
born within 100pc of the Galactic center undergo core collapse during their 
inward migration and form intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) via runaway 
stellar merging. After the clusters dissolve, these IMBHs continue their 
inward drift, carrying a few of the most massive stars with them. We predict 
that region within about 10 parsec of the SMBH is populated by about 50IMBHs 
of some 1000Msun. Several of these are expected to be accompanied still by 
some of the most massive stars from the star cluster. We also find that 
within a few milliparsec of the SMBH there is a steady population of several 
IMBHs. This population drives the merger rate between IMBHs and the SMBH at 
a rate of about one per 10Myr, sufficient to build the accumulate majority 
of mass of the SMBH. Mergers of IMBHs with SMBHs throughout the universe are 
detectable by LISA, at a rate of about two per week.

\\ ( http://arXiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0511397 , 464kb)



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Date: Wed, 07 Dec 2005 23:01:30 +0100
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Subject: SETI public: Tunguska, Gervase, and the link the Beta Taurids and Megalithic 
 Temples!!!!
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Tunguska, Gervase, and the link the Beta Taurids and Megalithic
Temples!!!!
Did meteor shower prompt megalith building?

Hello Gang,
            In the June 2005 issue of the British Science Magazine BBC
Focus there was a very interesting article linking the Tunguska event of
June 30th, 1908 to the Beta Taurid Meteor Shower, the event recounted in
the Chronicle of Gervase, and the ancient stone circle of Stonehenge.
Duncan Steel postulated that Stonehenge may have been an early warning
system for the ancients that warned of an impending celestial
bombardment.

Further background information can be found via the links below:



http://www.stonepages.com/news/archives/000425.html

http://www.morien-institute.org/taurid.html


Alex Michael Bonnici


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Date: Thu, 08 Dec 2005 00:07:21 +0100
From: Alex Michael Bonnici <albonnici@vol.net.mt>
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Subject: SETI public: Was Velikovsky Right for all the Wrong Reasons?
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Hello Gang,
     I never really believed in Velikovsky's idea that plasma
proto-planets were ejected by Jupiter and wreck havoc with the Solar
System. But I always suspected that a very rich meteor shower may
account for many of the myths and legends that spoke of the wrath of the
Gods and fire raining from the sky. The legend of Gilgamesh,  talks of
"the Seven Judges of Hell", who raised their torches, lighting the land
with flame, and a storm that turned day into night, "smashed the land
like a cup", and flooded the area. Four  years ago an article in the
Sunday Telegraph entitled "METEOR CLUE TO END OF MIDDLE EAST
CIVILISATIONS By Robert Matthews, Science Correspondent dated 4 November
2001  mentioned that scientists have found the first evidence that a
devastating meteor impact in the Middle East might have triggered the
mysterious collapse of civilisations more than 4,000 years ago.


http://www.portal.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2001/11/04/wmet04.xml&sSheet=/news/2001/11/04/ixhomef.html



"Quoting from the article: Studies of satellite images of southern Iraq
have revealed a two-mile-wide circular depression which scientists say
bears all the hallmarks of an impact crater. If confirmed, it would
point to the Middle East being struck by a meteor with the violence
equivalent to hundreds of nuclear bombs."


In an early postingf I mentioned that in the June 2005 issue of the
British Science Magazine BBC Focus there was a very interesting article
about a possible between  the Tunguska event of June 30th, 1908 to the
Beta Taurid Meteor Shower, the event recounted in the Chronicle of
Gervase, and the ancient stone circle of Stonehenge. And that Duncan
Steel postulated that Stonehenge may have
been an early warning system for the ancients that warned of an
impending celestial bombardment. So did Velikovsky had it right  in a
sense but had the mechanism that caused the cataclysms figure out all
wrong?

Further background information can be found via the links below:



http://www.stonepages.com/news/archives/000425.html

http://www.morien-institute.org/taurid.html


Alex Michael Bonnici


--------------3580BF0D9D055520C3DC5220
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en">
<html>
Hello Gang,
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; I never really believed in Velikovsky's idea
that plasma proto-planets were ejected by Jupiter and wreck havoc with
the Solar System. But I always suspected that a very rich meteor shower
may account for many of the myths and legends that spoke of the wrath of
the Gods and fire raining from the sky. The legend of Gilgamesh,&nbsp;
talks of "the Seven Judges of Hell", who raised their torches, lighting
the land with flame, and a storm that turned day into night, "smashed the
land like a cup", and flooded the area. Four&nbsp; years ago an article
in the Sunday Telegraph entitled "METEOR CLUE TO END OF MIDDLE EAST CIVILISATIONS
By Robert Matthews, Science Correspondent dated 4 November 2001&nbsp; mentioned
that scientists have found the first evidence that a devastating meteor
impact in the Middle East might have triggered the mysterious collapse
of civilisations more than 4,000 years ago.
<p>&nbsp;
<br><A HREF="http://www.portal.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2001/11/04/wmet04.xml&sSheet=/news/2001/11/04/ixhomef.html">http://www.portal.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2001/11/04/wmet04.xml&amp;sSheet=/news/2001/11/04/ixhomef.html</A>
<p>&nbsp;
<p><b><i>"Quoting from the article: Studies of satellite images of southern
Iraq have revealed a two-mile-wide circular depression which scientists
say bears all the hallmarks of an impact crater. If confirmed, it would
point to the Middle East being struck by a meteor with the violence equivalent
to hundreds of nuclear bombs."</i></b>
<br>&nbsp;
<p>In an early postingf I mentioned that in the June 2005 issue of the
British Science Magazine BBC Focus there was a very interesting article
about a possible between&nbsp; the Tunguska event of June 30th, 1908 to
the Beta Taurid Meteor Shower, the event recounted in the Chronicle of
Gervase, and the ancient stone circle of Stonehenge. And that Duncan Steel
postulated that Stonehenge may have
<br>been an early warning system for the ancients that warned of an impending
celestial bombardment. So did Velikovsky had it right&nbsp; in a sense
but had the mechanism that caused the cataclysms figure out all wrong?
<p>Further background information can be found via the links below:
<br>&nbsp;
<br>&nbsp;
<p><A HREF="http://www.stonepages.com/news/archives/000425.html">http://www.stonepages.com/news/archives/000425.html</A>
<p><A HREF="http://www.morien-institute.org/taurid.html">http://www.morien-institute.org/taurid.html</A>
<br>&nbsp;
<p>Alex Michael Bonnici
<br>&nbsp;</html>

--------------3580BF0D9D055520C3DC5220--


From owner-public@setileague.org Thu Dec  8 09:35:35 2005
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From: "LARRY KLAES" <ljk4@msn.com>
To: public@setileague.org
Cc: bioastro@setileague.org
Subject: SETI public: The MAGIC Telescope
Date: Thu, 08 Dec 2005 12:27:00 -0500
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Paper: astro-ph/0512184
Date: Wed, 7 Dec 2005 14:00:48 GMT (61kb)

Title: The MAGIC Telescope

Authors: Ciro Bigongiari (for the MAGIC collaboration)

Comments: 4 pages, 2 figures To be published on proceedings of HEP2005
International Europhysics Conference on High Energy Physics EPS (July
21st-27th 2005) in Lisboa, Portugal
\\
MAGIC (Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cherenkov telescope) is presently the
largest ground-based gamma ray telescope. MAGIC has been taking data 
regularly
since October 2004 at the Roque de los Muchachos Observatory on the island 
of
La Palma. In this paper the MAGIC telescope status, its performances and 
some
preliminary results on observed gamma ray sources are presented.

\\ ( http://arXiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0512184 , 61kb)



From owner-public@setileague.org Thu Dec  8 09:49:58 2005
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Subject: SETI public: Detection of transiting exoplanets in star clusters (2 papers)
Date: Thu, 08 Dec 2005 12:39:12 -0500
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Paper: astro-ph/0512198
Date: Wed, 7 Dec 2005 18:08:34 GMT (931kb)

Title: Planets in Stellar Clusters Extensive Search. IV. A detection of a
possible transiting planet candidate in the open cluster NGC 2158

Authors: B. J. Mochejska, K. Z. Stanek, D. D. Sasselov, A. H. Szentgyorgyi, 
E.
Adams, R. L. Cooper, J. B. Foster, J. D. Hartman, R. C. Hickox, K. Lai, M.
Westover & J. N. Winn

Comments: 21 pages LaTeX, including 14 figures and 7 tables. To be published 
in
the February 2006 Astronomical Journal. Paper with better resolution figures
available at

ftp://cfa-ftp.harvard.edu/pub/bmochejs/PISCES/papers/4_N2158/ms.ps.gz
\\
We have undertaken a long-term project, Planets in Stellar Clusters 
Extensive
Search (PISCES), to search for transiting planets in open clusters. In this
paper we present the results for NGC 2158, an intermediate age, populous
cluster. We have monitored the cluster for over 260 hours, spread over 59
nights. We have detected one candidate transiting low luminosity object, 
with
eclipse depth of 3.7% in the R-band. If the host star is a member of the
cluster, the eclipse depth is consistent with a 1.7 R_J object. Cluster
membership of the host is supported by its location on the cluster main
sequence (MS) and its close proximity to the cluster center (2'). We have
discovered two other stars exhibiting low-amplitude (4-5%) transits, V64 and
V70, but they are most likely blends or field stars. Given the photometric
precision and temporal coverage of our observations, and current best 
estimates
for the frequency and radii of short-period planets, the expected number of
detectable transiting planets in our sample is 0.13. We have observed four
outbursts for the candidate cataclysmic variable V57. We have discovered 40 
new
variable stars in the cluster, bringing the total number of identified
variables to 97, and present for them high precision light curves, spanning 
13
months.

\\ ( http://arXiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0512198 , 931kb)

Paper: astro-ph/0501145
replaced with revised version Wed, 7 Dec 2005 20:15:56 GMT (327kb)

Title: Planets in Stellar Clusters Extensive Search. III. A search for
transiting planets in the metal-rich open cluster NGC 6791

Authors: B. J. Mochejska, K. Z. Stanek, D. D. Sasselov, A. H. Szentgyorgyi, 
G.
A. Bakos, J. Devor, V. Hradecky, D. P. Marrone, J. N. Winn, M. Zaldarriaga

Comments: 18 pages LaTeX, including 11 figures and 6 tables. Limb darkening
included in the computation of the planet detection efficiency. Version with
full resolution figures available through ftp at

ftp://cfa-ftp.harvard.edu/pub/bmochejs/PISCES/papers/3_N6791/

Journal-ref: Astron.J. 129 (2005) 2856

We have undertaken a long-term project, Planets in Stellar Clusters 
Extensive Search (PISCES), to search for transiting planets in open 
clusters. In this paper we present the results for NGC 6791 -- a very old, 
populous, metal rich cluster. We have monitored the cluster for over 300 
hours, spread over 84 nights. We have not detected any good transiting 
planet candidates. Given the photometric precision and temporal coverage of 
our observations, and current best estimates for the frequency and radii of 
short-period planets, the expected number of detectable transiting planets 
in our sample is 1.5. We have discovered 14 new variable stars in the 
cluster, most of which are eclipsing binaries, and present high precision 
light curves, spanning two years, for these new variables and also the 
previously known variables.

\\ ( http://arXiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0501145 , 327kb)



From owner-public@setileague.org Thu Dec  8 10:37:51 2005
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Subject: SETI public: Cosmos 2 may launch on one of two better Russian rockets
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December 2 , 2005

The Planetary Society solar sail team is working to try again to fly the 
world’s first solar sail spacecraft. With a tested spacecraft design, almost 
all flight components available, and at least two attractive launch vehicle 
possibilities, we are well positioned to reach our goal.

We’ve made considerable progress: Our Lavochkin/Space Research Institute 
team in Russia has identified two promising and affordable launch vehicles 
candidates for our spacecraft.

The rest is here:

http://www.planetary.org/programs/projects...e_20051202.html



From owner-public@setileague.org Fri Dec  9 09:40:50 2005
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Subject: SETI public: Colloquium on the Law of Transhuman Persons Marks International Human Rights Day
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*************************
Colloquium on the Law of Transhuman Persons Marks International Human Rights 
Day

KurzweilAI.net Dec. 9, 2005

*************************

The public is invited to listen and
participate in a discussion by legal
and artificial intelligence experts
on the rights of "transhumans" --
defined by the Terasem Movement as
"conscious entities who have or who
aspire to have human rights,
regardless of being of flesh,
electronics or a bioelectronic
combination." The pioneering 1st...

http://www.kurzweilai.net/email/newsRedirect.html?newsID=5097&m=7610



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Subject: SETI public: How unlikely is a doomsday catastrophe?
Date: Fri, 09 Dec 2005 13:26:54 -0500
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Paper: astro-ph/0512204

Date: Thu, 8 Dec 2005 05:17:15 GMT (21kb)

Title: How unlikely is a doomsday catastrophe?

Authors: Max Tegmark (MIT), Nick Bostrom (Oxford)

Comments: 3 pages, 1 fig
\\
Numerous Earth-destroying doomsday scenarios have recently been analyzed,
including breakdown of a metastable vacuum state and planetary destruction
triggered by a "strangelet" or microscopic black hole. We point out that 
many
previous bounds on their frequency give a false sense of security: one 
cannot
infer that such events are rare from the the fact that Earth has survived 
for
so long, because observers are by definition in places lucky enough to have
avoided destruction. We derive a new upper bound of one per 10^9 years 
(99.9%
c.l.) on the exogenous terminal catastrophe rate that is free of such 
selection
bias, using the relatively late formation time of Earth.

\\ ( http://arXiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0512204 , 21kb)



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Subject: SETI public: Urge to Merge: Here Comes Andromeda 
Date: Fri, 09 Dec 2005 15:23:27 -0500
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Science/Astronomy:

* Urge to Merge: Here Comes Andromeda

http://www.space.com/searchforlife/seti_doyle_merge_051208.html

The Andromeda spiral galaxy will merge with the Milky Way in about six 
billion
years. Although no stars will likely touch (the spacing between stars is 
huge),
this interaction will most certainly gravitationally affect every star in 
both
galaxies.


* Astronomers Measure Distance to Milky Way's Spiral Arm

http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/051208_spiral_arm.html

Astronomers can provide detailed images of beautifully swirling galaxies
millions of miles away. It's our own galaxy they haven't been able to get 
their
arms around.



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Subject: SETI public: The Distance to the Perseus Spiral Arm in the Milky Way
Date: Sat, 10 Dec 2005 18:35:10 -0500
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Paper: astro-ph/0512223
Date: Thu, 8 Dec 2005 15:45:10 GMT   (348kb)

Title: The Distance to the Perseus Spiral Arm in the Milky Way

Authors: Y. Xu (NJU, Cfa, Shao), M. J. Reid (CfA), X. W. Zheng (NJU), K. =
M.
  Menten (MPIfR)

Comments: 19 pages, 4 figures, Science Express December 8, 2005
\\
  We have measured the distance to the massive star-forming region W3OH =
in the
Perseus spiral arm of the Milky Way to be 1.95 $\pm$ 0.04 kilo-parsecs
($5.86\times10^{16}$ km). This distance was determined by triangulation, =
with
the Earth's orbit as one segment of a triangle, using the Very Long =
Baseline
Array. This resolves a long-standing problem of a factor of two =
discrepancy
between different techniques to determine distances. The reason for the
discrepancy is that this portion of the Perseus arm has anomalous =
motions. The
orientation of the anomalous motion agrees with spiral density-wave =
theory, but
the magnitude is somewhat larger than most models predict.

\\ ( http://arXiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0512223<about:blank> ,  348kb)


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<DIV>Paper: astro-ph/0512223<BR>Date: Thu, 8 Dec 2005 15:45:10 =
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(348kb)<BR><BR>Title: The Distance to the Perseus Spiral Arm in the =
Milky=20
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<DIV>Authors: Y. Xu (NJU, Cfa, Shao), M. J. Reid (CfA), X. W. Zheng =
(NJU), K.=20
M.<BR>&nbsp; Menten (MPIfR)<BR></DIV>
<DIV>Comments: 19 pages, 4 figures, Science Express December 8,=20
2005<BR>\\<BR>&nbsp; We have measured the distance to the massive =
star-forming=20
region W3OH in the<BR>Perseus spiral arm of the Milky Way to be 1.95 =
$\pm$ 0.04=20
kilo-parsecs<BR>($5.86\times10^{16}$ km). This distance was determined =
by=20
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using the=20
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factor=20
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with spiral=20
density-wave theory, but<BR>the magnitude is somewhat larger than most =
models=20
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<DIV>\\ ( <A title=3Dabout:blank =
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From owner-public@setileague.org Mon Dec 12 07:13:31 2005
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Subject: SETI public: Life as We Do Not Know It 
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Review: Life as We Do Not Know It
---
The nascent field of astrobiology faces a number of challenges,
including just how alien life on other worlds might be. Jeff Foust
reviews a book by a leading astrobiologist that tackles the nature of
life and its prospects elsewhere in the solar system.

http://www.thespacereview.com/article/516/1



From owner-public@setileague.org Mon Dec 12 07:55:35 2005
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Subject: SETI public: The Call That Is Important To Us All 
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The Call That Is Important To Us All

Leigh Dayton

Science Writer

Earthlings haven't yet heard from ET, but leading questers for cosmic 
company are getting ready to take the call... just in case.

They've established an international committee to set the etiquette for 
inter-galactic contact. And Sydney-based cosmologist Paul Davies just took 
on the top job.

"We need to get the protocol correct and clarified," noted Professor Davies, 
with Macquarie University's Australian Centre for Astrobiology.

"If ET called tonight we'd be in a bit of a muddle about it all," he added, 
speaking prior to his first meeting as head of the Post-Detection Science 
and Technology Taskgroup.

The body is part of the International Academy of Astronautics and was 
founded by radio-astronomer Jill Tarter of the Search for Extraterrestrial 
Intelligence (SETI) Institute in California.

"We want the correct details about the discovery event and any 
interpretation made about it to get out there," commented Dr Tarter, in 
Australia for a lecture tour supported by Sydney University's Centre for 
Human Aspects of Science and Technology.

According to Dr Tarter - whose SETI exploits were portrayed by Jodie Foster 
in the 1997 film Contact - if a signal from ET is detected it must be 
verified quickly and the news spread widely to ensure it's not "co-opted" by 
interest groups or politicians.

"Another caveat is that (scientists) will not transmit a reply until there's 
a global consensus about whether to reply and what should be said," Dr 
Tarter claimed.

The rest is here:

http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/common/story_page/0,5744,17491815%5E29098,00.html



From owner-public@setileague.org Mon Dec 12 08:26:38 2005
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Subject: SETI public: Origin and Dynamical Evolution of Comets and their Reservoirs
Date: Mon, 12 Dec 2005 11:12:29 -0500
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Paper: astro-ph/0512256

Date: Fri, 9 Dec 2005 18:09:29 GMT (1409kb)

Title: Origin and Dynamical Evolution of Comets and their Reservoirs

Authors: Alessandro Morbidelli

Comments: Lectures on comets dynamics and outer solar system formation. 86
pages, 34 figures, 180 references
\\
This text was originally written to accompany a series of lectures that I
gave at the `35th Saas-Fee advanced course' in Switzerland and at the 
Institute
for Astronomy of the University of Hawaii. It reviews my current 
understanding
of the dynamics of comets and of the origin and primordial sculpting of 
their
reservoirs. It starts discussing the structure of the Kuiper belt and the
current dynamics of Kuiper belt objects, including scattered disk objects. 
Then
it discusses the dynamical evolution of Jupiter family comets from the
trans-Neptunian region, and of long period comets from the Oort cloud. The
formation of the Oort cloud is then reviewed, as well as the primordial
sculpting of the Kuiper belt. Finally, these issues are revisited in the 
light
of a new model of giant planets evolution that has been developed to explain
the origin of the late heavy bombardment of the terrestrial planets.

\\ ( http://arXiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0512256 , 1301kb)



From owner-public@setileague.org Mon Dec 12 08:31:09 2005
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Subject: SETI public: A Solution to the Fermi Paradox: The Solar System, part of a Galactic Hypercivil
Date: Mon, 12 Dec 2005 11:20:02 -0500
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Paper (*cross-listing*): physics/0512062

Date: Wed, 7 Dec 2005 19:40:50 GMT (20kb)

Date (revised v2): Fri, 9 Dec 2005 17:55:41 GMT (20kb)

Title: A Solution to the Fermi Paradox: The Solar System, part of a Galactic
Hypercivilization?

Authors: Beatriz Gato-Rivera

Comments: Conference for general public given in the World Mystery Forum 
2005,
Interlaken (Switzerland), November 2005. Latex, 16 pages. Footnote 8 added

Subj-class: Popular Physics
\\
I introduce the Fermi Paradox and some of its solutions. Then I present my
own solution which includes two proposals called the Subanthropic Principle 
and
the Undetectability Conjecture. After discussing some consequences of this
solution, I make some comments about brane world scenarios and their 
potential
to strengthen the Fermi Paradox. Finally, in the appendix I have included 
some
questions and answers that came up during this Forum.

\\ ( http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0512062 , 20kb)



From owner-public@setileague.org Mon Dec 12 10:00:19 2005
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Subject: SETI public: 4 more papers
Date: Mon, 12 Dec 2005 12:51:47 -0500
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Paper: astro-ph/0512245
Date: Fri, 9 Dec 2005 14:31:39 GMT (59kb)

Title: Extrasolar Planets with AMBER/VLTI, What can we expect from current
performances?

Authors: Florentin Millour (LAOG), Martin Vannier (ESO), R. G. Petrov 
(LUAN),
Bruno Lopez (LG), Frederik Rantakiro (ESO)

Proxy: ccsd ccsd-00015058
\\
We present the current performances of the AMBER / VLTI instrument in terms
of differential observables (differential phase and differential visibility)
and show that we are already able to reach a sufficient precision for very 
low
mass companions spectroscopy and mass characterization. We perform some
extrapolations with the knowledge of the current limitations of the 
instrument
facility. We show that with the current setup of the AMBER instrument, we 
can
already reach $3\sigma = 10^{-3}$ radians and have the potential to some low
mass companions characterization (Brown dwarves or hypothetical very hot 
Extra
Solar Giant Planets). With some upgrades of the VLTI infrastructure,
improvements of the instrument calibration and improvements of the observing
strategy, we will be able to reach $3\sigma = 10^{-4}$ radians and will have
the potential to perform Extra Solar Giant Planets spectroscopy and mass
characterization.

\\ ( http://arXiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0512245 , 59kb)

Paper: astro-ph/0512254
Date: Fri, 9 Dec 2005 17:06:04 GMT (370kb)

Title: The Multiple System HD 27638

Authors: Guillermo Torres (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics)

Comments: 16 pages in 2-column format, including tables and figures. To 
appear
in The Astronomical Journal
\\
We report spectroscopic observations of HD 27638B, the secondary in a visual
binary in which the physically associated primary (separation approximately 
19
arcsec) is a B9V star. The secondary shows strong Li 6708 absorption 
suggesting
youth, and has attracted attention in the past as a candidate post-T Tauri 
star
although this has subsequently been ruled out. It was previously known to be 
a
double-lined spectroscopic binary (F8+G6) with a period of 17.6 days, and to
show velocity residuals indicating a more distant massive third companion 
with
a period of at least 8 years. Based on our radial velocity measurements
covering more than two cycles of the outer orbit, along with other
measurements, we derive an accurate triple orbital solution giving an outer
period of 9.447 +/- 0.017 yr. The third object is more massive than either 
of
the other two components of HD 27638B, but is not apparent in the spectra. 
We
derive absolute visual magnitudes and effective temperatures for the three
visible stars in HD 27638. Isochrone fitting based on those properties gives 
an
age of 200 +/- 50 Myr for the system. We infer also an inclination angle of
about 53.3 degrees for the inner orbit of HD 27638B. We detect a 
near-infrared
excess in HD 27638B which we attribute to the third star being a close 
binary
composed of late-type stars. This explains its large mass and lack of a 
visible
signature. Modeling of this excess allows us to infer not only the masses of
the components of the unseen companion, but also the inclination angle of 
the
outer orbit (approximately 73 deg). The HD 27638 system is thus at least
quintuple.

\\ ( http://arXiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0512254 , 370kb)

Astrophysics, abstract
astro-ph/0509508

From: Soko Matsumura [view email]

Date (v1): Fri, 16 Sep 2005 18:07:44 GMT (396kb)
Date (revised v2): Thu, 8 Dec 2005 23:52:40 GMT (396kb)

Dead Zones and Extrasolar Planetary Properties

Authors: Soko Matsumura, Ralph E. Pudritz

Comments: 13 pages, 11 figures, minor changes, accepted for publication in 
MNRAS

Most low-mass protostellar disks evolve in clustered environments where they 
are affected by external radiation fields, while others evolve in more 
isolated star-forming regions. Assuming that the magneto-rotational 
instability (MRI) is the main source of viscosity, we calculate the size of 
a poorly ionized, MRI inactive, and hence low viscosity region - the "dead 
zone" - in these protostellar disks. We include disk ionization by X-rays, 
cosmic rays, radioactive elements and thermal collisions, recombination by 
molecules, metals, and grains, as well as the effect of turbulence 
stimulation in the dead zone by the active layers lying above it. We also 
calculate the gap-opening masses of planets, which are determined by a 
disk's viscosity and a disk aspect ratio, for disks in these environments 
and compare them with each other.

We find that the dead zone is a robust feature of the protostellar disks 
that is largely independent of their environment, typically stretching out 
to ~ 15 AU. We analyze the possible effects of dead zones on planet 
formation, migration, and eccentricity evolution. We show that the 
gap-opening mass inside the dead zone is expected to be of the order of 
terrestrial and ice giant mass planets while that outside the dead zone is 
Jovian or super-Jovian mass planets, largely independent of the star-forming 
environment. We show that dead zones can significantly slow down both type I 
and type II planetary migration due to their lower viscosity. We also find 
that the growth of eccentricity of massive extrasolar planets is 
particularly favorable through the planet-disk interaction inside the dead 
zones due to the large gaps expected to be opened by planets.

http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0509508


Paper: astro-ph/0512207
Date: Wed, 7 Dec 2005 22:00:09 GMT (827kb)

Title: Survey for Transiting Extrasolar Planets in Stellar Systems: III. A
Limit on the Fraction of Stars with Planets in the Open Cluster NGC 1245

Authors: Christopher J. Burke (1), B. Scott Gaudi (2), D. L. DePoy (1), 
Richard
W. Pogge (1) ((1) The Ohio State University, (2) Harvard-Smithsonian CfA)

Comments: 24 pages, 15 figures, submitted AJ
\\
We analyze a 19-night photometric search for transiting extrasolar planets 
in
the open cluster NGC 1245. An automated transit search algorithm with
quantitative selection criteria finds six transit candidates; none are bona
fide planetary transits. We characterize the survey detection probability 
via
Monte Carlo injection and recovery of realistic limb-darkened transits. We 
use
this to derive upper limits on the fraction of cluster members with close-in
Jupiter-radii, RJ, companions. We carefully analyze the random and 
systematic
errors of the calculation. For similar photometric noise and weather 
properties
as this survey, observing NGC 1245 twice as long results in a tighter
constraint on "Hot Jupiter", HJ, companions than observing an additional
cluster of similar richness as NGC 1245 for the same length of time as this
survey. This survey observed ~870 cluster members. If 1% of stars have 1.5 
RJ
HJ companions, we expect to detect one planet for every 5000 dwarf stars
observed for a month. To reach a ~2% upper limit on the fraction of stars 
with
1.5 RJ HJ companions, we conclude a total sample size of ~7400 dwarf stars
observed for at least a month will be needed. Results for 1.0 RJ companions,
without substantial improvement in the photometric precision, will require a
small factor larger sample size.

\\ ( http://arXiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0512207 , 827kb)



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MONDAY, DECEMBER 12

Is it Real?: "UFOs" at 8P et/pt

Numerous people believe they have spotted glowing alien spacecraft
hovering over Earth - and some even claim to have been abducted by
them. Scientists and astronomers dissect video footage and anecdotal
evidence as we consider the case for the existence of flying saucers
and UFOs.

Watch a preview.

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***WORLD PREMIERE*** Naked Science: "Close Encounters" at 9P et/pt

Has planet Earth ever had close encounters with aliens? How did they
get here? Did any survive? Join us for a provocative look at whether
we've ever hosted visitors from outer space.

"Extraterrestrial" at 10P et/pt

This groundbreaking show creates two worlds that scientists believe
could exist in our own Milky Way galaxy - putting evolution in
motion to investigate what life-forms could survive there.



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Subject: SETI public: Cosmos Episode 13: Who Speaks for Earth
Date: Tue, 13 Dec 2005 20:56:27 -0500
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Tuesday, December 13, 2005 at 9:00 PM EST on The Science Channel:

Cosmos

Who Speaks for Earth

Through the use of startling special effects we retrace the 15 billion =
year journey from the Big Bang to the present. Dr. Sagan argues that our =
responsibility for survival is owed not just to ourselves, but also to =
the cosmos from which we originate.

http://science.discovery.com/convergence/cosmos/cosmos.html<http://scienc=
e.discovery.com/convergence/cosmos/cosmos.html>



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<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV><!--[gte IE 5]><?xml:namespace prefix=3D"v" =
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<DIV>Tuesday, December 13, 2005 at 9:00 PM EST on The Science=20
Channel:<BR><BR>Cosmos<BR><BR>Who Speaks for Earth<BR><BR>Through the =
use of=20
startling special effects we retrace the 15 billion year journey from =
the Big=20
Bang to the present. Dr. Sagan argues that our responsibility for =
survival is=20
owed not just to ourselves, but also to the cosmos from which we=20
originate.<BR><BR><A=20
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Subject: SETI public: Ultraviolet Radiation Constraints around the Circumstellar Habitable Zones
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Paper: astro-ph/0512291=20
Date: Mon, 12 Dec 2005 19:19:49 GMT (74kb)=20

Title: Ultraviolet Radiation Constraints around the Circumstellar =
Habitable=20
Zones

Authors: Andrea P. Buccino, Guillermo A. Lemarchand, Pablo J. D. Mauas

Comments: 29 pages, 8 figures=20
\\=20
Ultraviolet radiation is known to inhibit photosynthesis, induce DNA=20
destruction and cause damage to a wide variety of proteins and lipids. =
In=20
particular, UV radiation between 200-300 nm becomes energetically very =
damaging=20
to most of the terrestrial biological systems. On the other hand, UV =
radiation=20
is usually considered one of the most important energy source on the =
primitive=20
Earth for the synthesis of many biochemical compounds and, therefore, =
essential=20
for several biogenesis processes. In this work, we use these properties =
of the=20
UV radiation to define the bounderies of an ultraviolet habitable zone. =
We also=20
analyze the evolution of the UV habitable zone during the main sequence =
stage=20
of the star. We apply these criteria to study the UV habitable zone for =
those=20
extrasolar planetary systems that were observed by the International=20
Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE). We analyze the possibility that extrasolar =
planets=20
and moons could be suitable for life, according to the UV constrains =
presented=20
in this work and other accepted criteria of habitability (liquid water, =
orbital=20
stability, etc.).

\\ ( http://arXiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0512291 , 74kb)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------=
-----

\\=20
Paper: astro-ph/0512292=20
Date: Mon, 12 Dec 2005 14:46:55 GMT (56kb)

Title: Gas Flow Across Gaps in Protoplanetary Disks

Authors: Steve H. Lubow and Gennaro D'Angelo

Comments: 10 pages, 3 figures, 1 table. To appear in The Astrophysical =
Journal=20
\\=20
We analyze the gas accretion flow through a planet-produced gap in a=20
protoplanetary disk. We adopt the alpha disk model and ignore effects of =

planetary migration. We develop a semi-analytic, one-dimensional model =
that=20
accounts for the effects of the planet as a mass sink and also carry out =

two-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations of a planet embedded in a =
disk. The=20
predictions of the mass flow rate through the gap based on the =
semi-analytic=20
model generally agree with the hydrodynamical simulations at the 25% =
level.=20
Through these models, we are able to explore steady state disk =
structures and=20
over large spatial ranges. The presence of an accreting Jupiter-mass =
planet=20
significantly lowers the density of the disk within a region of several =
times=20
the planet's orbital radius. The mass flow rate across the gap (and onto =
the=20
central star) is typically 10% to 25% of the mass accretion rate outside =
the=20
orbit of the planet, for planet-to-star mass ratios that range from 5e-5 =
to=20
1e-3.

\\ ( http://arXiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0512292 , 56kb)




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<BODY id=3DMailContainerBody=20
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 10px; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; =
COLOR: #000000; BORDER-TOP-STYLE: none; PADDING-TOP: 15px; FONT-STYLE: =
normal; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; BORDER-RIGHT-STYLE: none; =
BORDER-LEFT-STYLE: none; TEXT-DECORATION: none; BORDER-BOTTOM-STYLE: =
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leftMargin=3D0 topMargin=3D0 acc_role=3D"text" CanvasTabStop=3D"true"=20
name=3D"Compose message area"><!--[gte IE 5]><?xml:namespace =
prefix=3D"v" /><?xml:namespace prefix=3D"o" /><![endif]-->
<DIV>
<DIV class=3DMessageBody id=3DMsgBody><FONT color=3Dblack>Paper: =
astro-ph/0512291=20
<BR>Date: Mon, 12 Dec 2005 19:19:49 GMT (74kb)=20
<P></P>
<P>Title: Ultraviolet Radiation Constraints around the Circumstellar =
Habitable=20
<BR>Zones</P>
<P>Authors: Andrea P. Buccino, Guillermo A. Lemarchand, Pablo J. D. =
Mauas</P>
<P>Comments: 29 pages, 8 figures <BR>\\ <BR>Ultraviolet radiation is =
known to=20
inhibit photosynthesis, induce DNA <BR>destruction and cause damage to a =
wide=20
variety of proteins and lipids. In <BR>particular, UV radiation between =
200-300=20
nm becomes energetically very damaging <BR>to most of the terrestrial =
biological=20
systems. On the other hand, UV radiation <BR>is usually considered one =
of the=20
most important energy source on the primitive <BR>Earth for the =
synthesis of=20
many biochemical compounds and, therefore, essential <BR>for several =
biogenesis=20
processes. In this work, we use these properties of the <BR>UV radiation =
to=20
define the bounderies of an ultraviolet habitable zone. We also =
<BR>analyze the=20
evolution of the UV habitable zone during the main sequence stage <BR>of =
the=20
star. We apply these criteria to study the UV habitable zone for those=20
<BR>extrasolar planetary systems that were observed by the International =

<BR>Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE). We analyze the possibility that =
extrasolar=20
planets <BR>and moons could be suitable for life, according to the UV =
constrains=20
presented <BR>in this work and other accepted criteria of habitability =
(liquid=20
water, orbital <BR>stability, etc.).</P>
<P>\\ ( http://arXiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0512291 , 74kb)</P>
<P>----------------------------------------------------------------------=
--------</P>
<P>\\ <BR>Paper: astro-ph/0512292 <BR>Date: Mon, 12 Dec 2005 14:46:55 =
GMT=20
(56kb)</P>
<P>Title: Gas Flow Across Gaps in Protoplanetary Disks</P>
<P>Authors: Steve H. Lubow and Gennaro D'Angelo</P>
<P>Comments: 10 pages, 3 figures, 1 table. To appear in The =
Astrophysical=20
Journal <BR>\\ <BR>We analyze the gas accretion flow through a =
planet-produced=20
gap in a <BR>protoplanetary disk. We adopt the alpha disk model and 